The article considers directions and the main results of the budgetary reforms which were carried out within the administrative reform launched in 2004. One of its purposes was to make activity of the public sector more effective, more transparent both during the forming and performance of the state budget. Within these ten years some important steps directed at improving the budgetary process, tax planning and inter-budgetary relations have been taken. In the last 15–20 years the majority of the developed countries of the world have carried through similar reforms, including transition to the result-based budgeting (RBB) that assumes the coordination of information on results of the activity with the distribution of the limited budgetary resources. This has been achieved by using program and target distribution of the expenses and continuous monitoring their efficiency and distributing this information in order to assess the public sector activity.

The authors make a comparison of the traditional (expensive) model of budgeting with the result-based management model (RBM), and draw a conclusion that transition to the RBM has basically changed not only the maintenance of all stages of the budgetary process, but also the concept of management of public expenditures as it demands the use of program and target methods of budgeting and budget forming in a program format.

The program and target budgeting allows to unite all ways and means to achieve the objectives of state policy. In this regard it can be considered as one of the most perspective instruments to increase efficiency of the public sector.