The issue of the state machinery optimal size remains actual until now. The experts' community has reached the agreement on the necessity to decrease the size of government and increase its activity effectiveness. Unfortunately, it is not enough to have the quantitative assessments that not only confi rm the actuality of the task emphasized above but also reflect the dynamic change of the government size. In order to obtain such assessment the federal executive bodies’ powers inventory took place at the end of 2016. In the inventory process 10.4 thousand federal executive bodies powers were outlined. This is 45% more than in 2010 and practically is twice as more than in 2003. The article provides the complete quantitative analysis of powers in different aspects including the dimensions of federal executive bodies, functional classification, government bodies’ types, sources of powers fixation and budgetary classification areas. In addition, in order to systematize the obtained results from the federal executive bodies’ powers analysis we provide the definition of the term “federal executive body power” and functional classifi cation that includes twenty basic types. The classification described in the article can be applied in practice in order to form the federal executive bodies’ powers system and their allocated resources capacity.