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Research and educational journal
Published quarterly since 2007
ISSN 1999-5431
E-ISSN 2409-5095
Issue 2022 no2 contents:
THE THEORY AND PRACTICES OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
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34–59
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In this article we examine the features of the current stage of Russian civil service development through the prism of the basic administrative paradigms – Weberian rational bureaucracy, New Public Management (NPM) and Good Governance; and we identify the prevailing paradigms in scientific discourse, electoral political discourse and modern legal discourse. We use such research methods as follows: content analysis, thesaurus analysis, bibliometric analysis of publications, comparative legal analysis. We propose some criteria for identifying administrative paradigms using a set of thesaurus words, as well as methodological tools for comparing with paradigms: a) scientific articles on state bureaucracy, b) election programs of Russian political parties in terms of reforming the civil service, c) regulatory documents containing the goals of the current stage of the Russian civil service development. As a result of the study, we have found that the Weberian paradigm dominates in scientific publications on law, NPM paradigm – on management and economics, Good Governance paradigm – on sociology and political science, which indicates the multiparadigmality of modern research. During the 2016 and 2021 parliamentary election campaigns, political parties of the entire ideological spectrum worked out a request for social justice, which was due to the predominance of theses in their programs corresponding to Good Governance. Regulation of the Russian civil service development in the period is carried out at the intersection of managerial and Weberian models. The first is manifested in the rigid formalization of the civil servants’ activities, and the second – in attempts to make the bureaucracy efficient, compact and complaisant. The preservation of the civil service’ closeness is confirmed by a decrease in the share of program measures equivalent to Good Governance, which contradicts the attitude towards openness and justice, fixed in scientific and political discourse. |
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60–84
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In this article the authors raise the question of the impact of digital platforms on the change of public values and on the system of public administration. Digital platforms O2O (online-to-offline) are considered as new economic agents, transforming into institutional mechanisms and forming a new system of values. Using the public values typology to assess the impact of ICTs on e-government (Bannister & Connolly, 2014). The authors evaluated the impact of the digital platforms on public values and studied different types of transaction costs depending on the type of transaction, using the results of foreign studies and interviews with participants of platforms on O2O platforms (YouDo, Youla, Profi.ru, Avito, Fl.ru). Based on the Public Value Theory and the Principal-agent Theory considering the presence of risks of interaction between the participants of digital platforms O2O and the lack of sufficient regulation, the authors formulated the main directions of key changes in the system of public administration in connection with platformization and justified the need to move to a new system of public administration based on public values – Public Value Management.
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85–105
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The study based on multivariate comparative analysis identifies the dominants of national strategies for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) of the global superpowers. The article examines both structural similarities of strategic documents and fundamental differences in goal setting and functional expectations of sovereign AI technologies. Projecting fundamental ideas of technical and economic paradigms onto national strategies for the development of AI allows the authors to put forward a hypothesis concerning the formation of a common European, Russian and American proto-models of the AI development state policy. The dialectical nature of AI technologies demands consideration of the ethical aspects of the AI technologies application in Germany, Russia and the United States. As a result of the study, the foundations of various fundamental approaches of states to the development of AI technologies were established. Possible scenarios for the development of national strategic programs in the medium term globally were assessed.
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106–133
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The task of determining the correctness of self-positioning of regions in terms of verifying the compliance of texts of regional development strategies with their industry specialization was solved in the course of the research presented in the article. Using the "smart" benchmarking methodology, as well as the Text Mining tools, long-term development strategies of 11 regions with a total text corpus of 415,780 words were analyzed. The main sections of the all-Russian classifier of economic activities that characterize the sectoral priorities of regional development were selected as keywords. The extraction of key concepts from strategy texts, as well as their quantitative analysis, was carried out using the high-level Python programming language. The obtained quantitative results of comparing the named entities of the development strategies of the subjects of the Russian Federation proved that the insufficiency of unique goal-setting in terms of identifying promising specializations in regional development strategies distorts the system of priority development directions. This is objectively one of the reasons why the territories do not achieve the planned indicators. The paper uses methods of text mining, mathematical statistics, grouping and generalization, as well as techniques for visualizing the analyzed data. The author's method of conducting intellectual analysis of texts is universal for any field of science. The developed algorithms for extracting named entities from the text and algorithms for quantitative analysis of the text open up wide horizons for further research in the field of strategy analysis, as public documents addressed to interested subjects.
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134–158
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The article provides an overview of publications on Agile methodology. In the literature Agile is generally understood to mean agile software development with regular feedback, ability to respond promptly to various changes and adjust the initial vision of the project at almost any moment. The paper reviews the values and basic principles of Agile, provides comparative characteristics of agile and traditional approaches to software development, describes the most popular Agile methods (Scrum, Kanban, Scrumban, eXtreme Programming (XP), Lean development). The review established that Agile is not only considered in terms of software development but also the project management approach. In addition, there are practices of implementing Agile in public administration. However, the authors point to IT project management problems in the public sector. Challenges relate to serious deficiencies in public procurement of software. The authors conclude that it is recommended to apply «Agile contracts» in public procurement. The Charter for the Agile Nations establishes a commitment to a more agile approach to legal regulation and will facilitate the implementation of Agile in public administration. Based on conducted analysis of publications the inference was made that Agile can also be viewed from a personnel management perspective. It has been suggested that implementation of Agile methodology to human resources management is a promising area and emerging trend of Agile development. The current review can be useful for academic and expert communities in carrying out research in the field of digitalization of public administration and preparing proposal to modify state policy in the development of the civil service.
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159–179
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The article is devoted to the study of the integrated security of Russian educational institutions, primarily higher educational institutions, in the context of anti-terrorist and anti-criminal security, fire safety, issues in the field of civil defense and protection of the territory and population from natural and man-made emergencies. The relevance of the study is due to negative trends in increasing risks and threats, manifested in negative statistics and individual high-profile events, indicating the inability of the current system of integrated security of educational institutions to form an adequate response to existing threats, such as schoolshooting (columbine), to guarantee sustainable compliance with fire safety requirements and etc. The main hypothesis of the study is that the integrated security of educational institutions does not function as a single effective system that can withstand current threats and challenges. The purpose of the study is to assess the existing vulnerabilities of the system for ensuring the integrated security of educational institutions, to develop mechanisms for improving public administration methods in the field of regulating the safety of the educational process. The following methods are used: analysis, systemic, statistical, comparative legal, formal legal. The study examines the approaches to the security of educational institutions available in the international and Russian scientific literature, as well as foreign and domestic legislation regulating this area. Scientific sophistication and regulatory support for the management of the security system of educational institutions in Russia is assessed as insufficient. In conclusion, specific proposals are made to improve the security level of educational institutions.
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REVIEW
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