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Research and educational journal
Published quarterly since 2007
ISSN 1999-5431
E-ISSN 2409-5095
Issue 2018 no1 contents:
THE THEORY AND PRACTICES OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
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7–28
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The article examines the administrative processes of rendering public services in the registration of the unemployed and assists them in the employment on the basis of employment сenters in the city of Ufa (Republic of Bashkortostan). The subject of study is the possibility of optimizing these processes, including the amendment of legal acts regulating the provision of such public services. In the study we had the task to assess the potential of process optimization and to analyze the role of legal acts amending in implementation of this potential. The results of the analysis showed the presence of significant reserves to improve the efficiency of the processes under examination, including the elimination of redundant activities and documents that do not have value for service consumers, but distract resources and staff time. The article substantiates a number of proposals on administrative processes simplification in bodies of employment, in particular refusal to fill a number of documents that contain redundant information; delegating the right of signing documents to the lower levels of management; elimination of redundant process steps. Analysis of legal acts allows to draw the following conclusions: a significant part of the potential improvements can be implemented without amendments to the Federal laws and normative acts of the Government of the Russian Federation, but will require a change of standards of the Ministry of labor and administrative regulations of the Republic of Bashkortostan. However, as shown by our analysis of the Federal legislation, it also needs to be improved, that will allow to achieve an additional increase of efficiency of studied processes.
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29–46
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While public funding of nongovernmental organizations is a highly sought-after form of NGO support, its amount still does not meet the demand. International experience provides examples of solutions to this problem. Instead of transferring the grantmaking function to designated operators, the state encourages grantmaking foundations to leverage their assets, both financial and institutional, within the framework of philanthropic-government partnerships. This paper aims to explore and synthesize international best practices of joining resources of the state and charitable foundations, which results in a tangible increase in NGO financial support and its effectiveness. The paper focuses on partnership models, such as engaging foundations in grant-making and leveraging resources with government; government match-funding programs to incentivize private donations to charitable foundations; developing various types of institutional partnerships between the state and foundations. Civil society monitoring conducted in 2015 and 2016 by the HSE Center for Studies of Civil Society and the Nonprofi t Sector helped expose challenges and barriers that make philanthropic-government partnerships difficult to initiate and manage. Analysis of the international experience of coping with these challenges has helped to propose measures to overcome such barriers in the Russian context. Examples include the use of innovative tools, such as leveraging resources of the state and foundations for grantmaking purposes within the framework of philanthropicgovernment partnerships; introducing a ratio of government match funding to attract private donations in the priority areas of education, research and culture; developing various institutional arrangements to ensure eff ective collaboration between foundations and government agencies (joint councils, task forces, discussion platforms, etc.)
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47–67
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Th e article presents the results of the ICSER Leontief Center project aimed at studying the state of strategic planning and stimulating the participation of Russia’s urban settlements in strategic planning. An array of urban settlements in Russia was studied for the existence of strategic documents and experience in strategic planning on the basis of open sources. A list of 120 planning documents was compiled and analyzed. Based on 82 written responses to the questionnaire and 20 in-depth telephone interviews with representatives of local government bodies of urban and rural settlements, an overview of the facts about plan developers, participation of the local community, interaction with the authorities of municipal districts was made. Lists of arguments for and against strategic planning at the settlement level have been compiled. The study confirmed the hypothesis of a positive perception of strategic planning by settlements with relevant experience, and, in general, the usefulness of strategic planning in urban and large rural settlements. It is recommended while extending strategic planning to the level of settlements to start with their involvement in the development of strategies for municipal districts, to support activists who are trying to organize a strategic process in their settlement, to provide them with techniques and advice.
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FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
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68–88
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The New Development Bank (NDB), founded by the BRICS countries in 2014, can become a leading player in the field of international development cooperation. The organizational policy and strategic goals of the NDB highlight the priority of investing in infrastructure, transport and energy sectors, which implies a significant impact of these projects not only on the environment, but also on the economic and social wellbeing of the local population in beneficiary countries and regions. The article is aimed at developing a deeper understanding of the NDB’s approach to the concept of «sustainable development» reflected in international documents, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) formulated by the United Nations (UN) in 2015. The article provides the analysis of the environmental and social policy of the NDB and considers the reflection of this policy in the implementation of the investment projects and strategies. As a result, the assessment of the quality and possible consequences of the planned investments will help to determine the approach of the NDB to sustainable development.
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89–108
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Wages are one of the most important statistical indicators, on the basis of which a whole «family» of indicators is constructed, which allows estimating both incomes and labour costs. However, correct cross-country comparisons are possible only with the similar standards for measuring labour remuneration. This article traces the evolution of the concept of wages from tariff earnings to income from employment, analyzes the role of international organizations in the process of unifying this section of statistics. Among the reasons that led to the revision of the concept of wages, we should note the increase in the number of incentive payments, as well as expansion of non-standard jobs. There has been a change in the role of different sources of wage information – enterprise surveys are increasingly supplemented by labour market surveys and administrative statistics. Analysis of wage statistics in the European Union and the United States has shown that the countries of the European Union have achieved the greatest success in the unification of wage statistics. The main peculiarity of the Eurostat wage concept, in contrast to the ILO concept, is the expansion and significant detailing of the components included in wages, paid both in cash and in kind. US wage statistics are distinguished by the use of various sources of information with an emphasis on labour force surveys, high frequency of surveys conducted, and the provision of detailed information. Individual surveys supplement each other, and the combination of the information provided with the overall reporting of enterprises leads to a reduction in financial costs. The experience of developed countries in obtaining and processing statistics on wages can be important for the improvement of the wage system in the Russian Federation.
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THE ANALYSES OF EXPERTS
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109–125
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The issue of the state machinery optimal size remains actual until now. The experts' community has reached the agreement on the necessity to decrease the size of government and increase its activity effectiveness. Unfortunately, it is not enough to have the quantitative assessments that not only confi rm the actuality of the task emphasized above but also reflect the dynamic change of the government size. In order to obtain such assessment the federal executive bodies’ powers inventory took place at the end of 2016. In the inventory process 10.4 thousand federal executive bodies powers were outlined. This is 45% more than in 2010 and practically is twice as more than in 2003. The article provides the complete quantitative analysis of powers in different aspects including the dimensions of federal executive bodies, functional classification, government bodies’ types, sources of powers fixation and budgetary classification areas. In addition, in order to systematize the obtained results from the federal executive bodies’ powers analysis we provide the definition of the term “federal executive body power” and functional classifi cation that includes twenty basic types. The classification described in the article can be applied in practice in order to form the federal executive bodies’ powers system and their allocated resources capacity.
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PERSONNEL POLICIES
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126–139
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Improving living conditions along with the development of modern medicine caused a rapid increase in the proportion of retirement age persons in the whole world, and in the structure of the Russian population, including the civil service. This process makes it necessary to find ways of effective using the professional potential of older offi cials. However, the modern human resource management in the public service does not take into account well enough the age and psychological characteristics of senior civil servants and, as a consequence, does not create the conditions necessary for the effective implementation of their capacity, knowledge and skills accumulated over the years of service. The article analyzes the characteristics of senior civil servants’ career on the basis of the results of a research conducted in collaboration with the faculty of evaluation and development of management training HSPA Russian Presidential Academy. Results of the survey allow revealing personal and professional qualities of senior offi cials which both increase their demand at the labor market and produce the opposite effect. It has also been revealed the demand for public servants over 60 years at various levels of government and spheres in which the current government employees over 60 years and retired civil servants can prove themselves well. The paper concludes with presenting some proposals that would allow to solve the problem of realization of social and laboring potential of career civil servants of the senior age group.
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LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE STATE AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION
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140–163
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This article focuses on the difficulties faced by candidates during employment. The article provides analysis of the public service legislative framework of the Republic of Kazakhstan, particularly competition announcement for the vacant positions and the use of technology in hiring procedures. Especially, technical disadvantages in terms of looking for the necessary information in the existing contests within the public sector platforms and lack of protocols for the publication. This article is targeted to review and evaluate the process of personnel management in the sphere of public administration in Kazakhstan under digitalization conditions. Based on the results of the SWOT and PEST analysis, the following conclusions are made: first, the successful delivery of testing does not guarantee employment. Second, the outdated ways of placing information on government platforms contribute to complicating the search and selection of interesting data. Third, it is necessary to change the interface for posting job vacancies on those platforms, with the ability to filter data on government agencies with info graphic representation of vacancies and deadlines for filing documents. Fourth, the obstacles at the fi rst stage of employment affect the image of the civil service. Fifth, state bodies have the opportunity to provide incomplete information on the staffing level. Based on the results of the research, practical recommendations are given.
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SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION
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164–180
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The subject of this research is assessing efficiency of public property management in the Russian Federation regions. The research results of the legal frameworks and regional practice let us conclude that there is no common approach to assessing the effectiveness of state property management in the regions. The article presents a compre hensive approach to assessing the effectiveness of region state property management, which can be used as the basis for the formation and implementation of the public policy in property relations of Russian Federation regions. The specific characteristics of the authors’ approach are the system of indicators reflecting the results of using state property objects through transferring rights, the results of disposing of the state treasury’s objects and the results of the formation and use of the region state property’s resource potential. Also indicators’ values should be linked to the current state policy’s priorities in the property relations, the institutional and internal situation-conditions of the region. The main provisions of the Irkutsk region draft law on the formation of requirements for the structure and content of the report of the Government of the Irkutsk region on the disposal of the regional state property based on the author’s approach to the evaluation of the results of regional property management are presented. The article presents the main provisions of the Irkutsk region draft law on the formation of requirements for the structure and content of the report of the Government of the Irkutsk region on the disposal of regional state property based on the author’s approach to assessing the effectiveness of region property management.
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181–196
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The article is devoted to the study of limitations and resources of interaction between government and business in modern Russian conditions, the definition of the most popular and promising forms of cooperation in modern Russian conditions. Unlike the developed democracies, the model of interaction between government and business, built on the balance of interests and partnership, has not yet developed in our country. Based on the expert survey of municipal employees conducted by the All-Russian Council of Local Self-Government (with the participation of the authors) the main risks (the need for additional funding from the municipality, reputational losses in the event of project failure or failure to achieve its objectives, delays the implementation of projects by the contractor) and barriers to the implementation of practices in municipalprivate partnership (lack of opportunities to provide motivation for private investment, business disinterest). It is concluded that the existing malfunction of the institutional field does not allow creating a basis for normative-fixed practices of partnership between government and business, and municipal-private partnership becomes utopian for municipalities. The most promising form of interaction between government and business is the economy of cooperation as an effective tool for socio-economic development of the territory. At the same time, the active and flexible position of local authorities, the analysis of interests and needs of the business community, and the effective use of municipal property should be the conditions for implementing a new form of interaction between the public and private sectors. The principles of economic cooperation can be adapted and used in the context of the socio-economic development of Russian territories.
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REVIEWS
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197–205
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It is a review on the monograph by Hammerschmid G., Van de Walle S., Andrews R., Bezes F. Cheltenham “Public Administration Reforms in Europe. The View from the Top” [ed. by, UK; Northampton MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2016, 304 p., (in English)]. The monograph seeks to comparatively assess the impact of New Public Management (NPM) style reforms in European countries, drawing on a team of European public administration scholars from 11 universities in 10 countries. Resulting from major research funded by the European Commission, this book examines and analyses empirical findings regarding the dynamics, major trends and tools of administrative reforms, with special focus on the diversity of top executives’ perceptions about the effects of those reforms.
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206–213
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The review on monographs which are devoted to the analysis and evaluation of control and supervision activitie's effectiveness in the Russian Federation. Monographs issued in the publishing house «Delo» RANHiGS in 2017.
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