ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ И ЕГО РОЛЬ В ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТИ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВА СТРАН ЛАТИНСКОЙ АМЕРИКИ
Аннотация
This paper examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in public administration in Mexico City, Santiago de Chile and Buenos Aires, focusing on how AI has reshaped the relationship between government and citizens through enhanced transparency, efficiency and civic engagement.
Using case studies and analysis of open data platforms, judicial automation and AI-based public safety measures, this work highlights the diverse applications and impacts of AI in each city.
Mexico City’s Open Data platform exemplifies the role of open data in increasing government transparency and accountability, providing citizens with real-time access to information on infrastructure, budget and safety initiatives.
Santiago de Chile has positioned itself as a regional leader in ethical AI governance through the “Santiago Declaration",” which establishes intergovernmental collaboration for the responsible use of AI, particularly in areas such as urban mobility and public safety.
Buenos Aires has achieved unprecedented administrative efficiency in the justice system with its Prometea system, reducing case processing times and streamlining citizen access to public records with a blockchain-based digital identity system.
The findings suggest that while AI has effectively modernized governance in these cities, challenges such as the digital divide, data privacy concerns and algorithmic biases must be addressed. The paper concludes with recommendations for inclusive policy frameworks and robust regulations to ensure that the benefits of AI are equitably distributed and aligned with citizens' rights.
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Литература
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19. UNESCO (2021) Recomendación sobre la Ética de la Inteligencia Artificial [Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence]. París: UNESCO. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.unesco.org/es/legal-affairs/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence (accessed 20 December 2024).
20. Universidad de Chile (2024) Físicos U. de Chile buscan optimizar el tránsito vehicular mediante simulaciones e inteligencia artificial [Physicists from the University of Chile seek to optimize vehicular traffic through simulations and artificial intelligence]. Santiago: Universidad de Chile. (In Spanish). Available at: https://uchile.cl/noticias/207000/buscan-mejorar-el-transito-vehicular-mediante-inteligencia-artificial (accessed 20 December 2024).
21. World Bank (2023) Digital solutions can fuel growth, inclusion and better governance in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington: World Bank Group. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/10/04/conectividad-digital-impulsa-crecimiento-inclusion-perspectivas-america-latina-caribe (accessed 20 December 2024).
22. World Economic Forum (2021) This is how Latin America is addressing the digital divide amid COVID-19. Swiss: WEF. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2021/08/latin-america-boosts-internet-access-digital-divide-covid19-pandemic/ (accessed 20 December 2024).
2. Agencia CTyS (2024) Inteligencia Artificial: el nuevo agente de tránsito. [Artificial intelligence: the new traffic agent]. Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de La Matanza. (In Spsnish). Available at: https://www.ctys.com.ar/ingenieria-y-arquitectura/inteligencia-artificial-el-nuevo-agente-de-transito/ (accessed 2020 December 2024).
3. Araya, D. and Peters, M. (2010) Education in the creative economy knowledge and learning in the age of innovation. New York: Peter Lang.
4. Binns, R. (2018) ‘Fairness in machine learning: Lessons from political philosophy’, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, 81, pp. 1-11. Available at: https://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/binns18a/binns18a.pdf (accessed 2020 December 2024).
5. Buenos Aires Ciudad (2024) Datos Abiertos de Buenos Aires.[ Open data from Buenos Aires]. Buenos Aires: Secretaría de Innovación y Transformación Digital. (In Spanish). Available at: https://buenosaires.gob.ar/innovacionytransformaciondigital/datos-abiertos-de-buenos-aires (accessed 2020 December 2024).
6. Corvalán, J. and Le Fevre, E. (2020) Prometea experience. Using AI to optimize public institutions. Milán: CERIDAP. Available at: https://ceridap.eu/prometea-experience-using-ai-to-optimize-public-institutions/?lng=en (accessed 2020 December 2024).
7. Eberlein, A. (2024) Santiago de Chile inaugura el primer sistema de televigilancia con inteligencia artificial. [Santiago de Chile inaugurates the first remote surveillance system with artificial intelligence]. Chile: Infodefensa. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.infodefensa.com/texto-diario/mostrar/4818894/santiago-inaugura-primer-sistema-televigilancia-inteligencia-artificial (accessed 2020 December 2024).
8. Filgueiras, F. (2021) ‘Inteligencia Artificial en la administración pública: ambigüedad y elección de sistemas de IA y desafíos de gobernanza digital’ [‘Artificial Intelligence in public administration: ambiguity and choice of AI systems and digital governance challenges’], Revista del CLAD Reforma y Democracia, 79, pp. 5-38. (In Spanish). Available at: https://clad.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/079-01-F-1.pdf (accessed 20 December 2024).
9. Hilbert, M. (2020) ‘Digital technology and social change: the digital transformation of society from a historical perspective’, Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 22(2), pp. 189-194. DOI: 10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.2/mhilbert.
10. IDB (2020) Al menos 77 millones de personas sin acceso a internet de calidad en áreas rurales. [At least 77 million people without access to quality internet in rural areas]. Washington, D.C.: BID. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.iadb.org/es/noticias/al-mens-77-millones-de-personas-sin-acceso-internet-de-calidad-en-areas-rurales (accessed 20 December 2024).
11. Lara, C.J. (2024) Inteligencia Artificial en América Latina: Regulación no significa protección. [Artificial Intelligence in Latin America: Regulation does not mean protection]. Santiago de Chile: Derechos Digitales América Latina. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.derechosdigitales.org/23866/inteligencia-artificial-en-america-latina-regulacion-no-significa-proteccion/ (accessed 20 December 2024).
12. Ministerio de Ciencia (2023) Chile liderará iniciativa de gobernanza de Inteligencia Artificial en América Latina [Chile to lead AI governance initiative in Latin America]. Santiago: Ministerio de Ciencia. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.minciencia.gob.cl/noticias/chile-es-elegido-para-liderar-propuesta-de-gobernanza-de-ia-en-america-latina/ (accessed 20 December 2024).
13. Pereira, A. (2023) Buenos Aires to issue blockchain-based digital ID. Cointelegraph. Available at: https://cointelegraph.com/news/buenos-aires-blockchain-based-digital-identity (accessed 20 December 2024).
14. Secretaría Gob Digital (2024) Transformación Digital del Estado al servicio de las personas [Digital transformation of the State at the service of people]. Santiago: Ministerio de Hacienda. (In Spanish). Available at: https://digital.gob.cl/ (accessed 20 December 2024).
15. Sistema Ajolote (2024) Portal de datos abiertos [Open data portal]. Ciudad de México: ADIP. (In Spanish). Available at: https://datos.cdmx.gob.mx/group/ (accessed 20 December 2024).
16. UN (2022) Los derechos humanos deben formar parte esencial de la gobernanza tecnológica [Human rights must be an essential part of technological governance]. New York: Naciones Unidas. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/es/stories/2022/09/human-rights-should-be-heart-tech-governance (accessed 20 December 2024).
17. United Nations Development Programme (2024) Missed Connections: An incomplete digital revolution in Latin America and the Caribbean. New York: UNDP. Available at: https://www.undp.org/latin-america/blog/missed-connections-incomplete-digital-revolution-latin-america-and-caribbean-0 (accessed 20 December 2024).
18. UNESCO (2024) La transparencia y el acceso a la información pública en América Latina y el Caribe: pilares de la democracia [Transparency and access to public information in Latin America and the Caribbean: pillars of democracy]. París: UNESCO. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.unesco.org/es/articles/la-transparencia-y-el-acceso-la-informacion-publica-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe-pilares-de-la (accessed 20 December 2024).
19. UNESCO (2021) Recomendación sobre la Ética de la Inteligencia Artificial [Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence]. París: UNESCO. (In Spanish). Available at: https://www.unesco.org/es/legal-affairs/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence (accessed 20 December 2024).
20. Universidad de Chile (2024) Físicos U. de Chile buscan optimizar el tránsito vehicular mediante simulaciones e inteligencia artificial [Physicists from the University of Chile seek to optimize vehicular traffic through simulations and artificial intelligence]. Santiago: Universidad de Chile. (In Spanish). Available at: https://uchile.cl/noticias/207000/buscan-mejorar-el-transito-vehicular-mediante-inteligencia-artificial (accessed 20 December 2024).
21. World Bank (2023) Digital solutions can fuel growth, inclusion and better governance in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington: World Bank Group. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/10/04/conectividad-digital-impulsa-crecimiento-inclusion-perspectivas-america-latina-caribe (accessed 20 December 2024).
22. World Economic Forum (2021) This is how Latin America is addressing the digital divide amid COVID-19. Swiss: WEF. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2021/08/latin-america-boosts-internet-access-digital-divide-covid19-pandemic/ (accessed 20 December 2024).
Опубликован
2025-03-11
Как цитировать
Хуарес-МериноМ. (2025). ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ И ЕГО РОЛЬ В ВОВЛЕЧЕННОСТИ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВА СТРАН ЛАТИНСКОЙ АМЕРИКИ. Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления, (5), 71-86. https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2025-0-5-71-86
Выпуск
Раздел
ПРОБЛЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
